System of distributer.



J. J. FRANK.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.26,1911.

1,010,420. Patented Dec. 5, 1911.

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J. J. FRANK.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.26,1911.

1,010,420, Patented Dec.5, 1911.

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Witnesses: Inventor:

John J. Frank,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN J. FRANK, OF PITTSFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GENERALELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

SYSTEM OF DISTRIBUTION.

Application filed January 26, 1911.

To all whom "it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN J. FRANK, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsfield, county of Berkshire, State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Systems ofDistribution, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems for the distribution of electric energyand is especially designed for life testing of incandescent lamps.However, my invention is not limited to this use only but the primaryobject is to so arrange a system as to obtain a great number of pairs ofterminals or plug sockets which have different values for theirrespective differences of potential.

Another object of my invention is to so arrange a system as to obtain agreat number of pairs of terminals or plug sockets which have differentvalues for their respective differences of potential and where thesevarious values will be very nearly constant. I accomplish the firstobject by the use of a series of bus bars separated by desired potentialvalues. Between certain of these bars, I insert means to divide theirdiffer ence; I then connect the plug sockets be tween these means andthe busses in various ways to obtain the desired potentials. The use ofplug sockets at the terminals is not, of course, absolutely necessary;any other desired means which will allow the ready attachment ofelectrical apparatus may, of course, be used as well, and by the use ofthe term plug socket hereinafter in the description and claims I intendto in clude other attaching devices also.

In the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specificationFigures 1 and 2 are diagrammatic views of a preferred form of a systemembodying my invention and a modification thereof. In Fig. 1, A and Aare primary bus bars differing in potential by any desired value andsupplied with current from any desired source. For example, however, itwill be assumed that this difference is five volts. The secondary busbar C differs from the bar A by 10 volts and the bar D from the bar A by15- volts. These busses A, A, C and D may be supplied with energy fromany desired source. Between the primary busses A, A I have inserted fourautotransformers E, E E and E; the secondary terminals of theseSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 5, 1911.

Serial No. 604,707.

transformers give a difference of potential with respect to the bar A of1, 2, 3 and 1 volts respectively.

For the convenience of connection and illustration, I have shown what Iterm the lamp busses M, N and 0 connected respectively to the busses A,C and D. The loose secondary terminal of each transformer is connectedto one side of three plug sockets, the other side of these sockets beingcon nected respectively to the lamp busses. An other plug socket isconnected between the lamp bus M and the primary bus A. Two othersockets are connected tothe lamp bus M and the lamp busses N and 0.These sockets I have numbered 1 to 15, and each numeral expresses theterminal voltage of the socket to which it refers. For example, sincethere is a difference in potential between the loose secondary terminalof transformer i 3 and the primary bus A of 8 volts, there must be adifference of potential of 3 volts across the terminals of the plugsocket 3 for this socket is connected to the loose terminal oftransformer E and to the lamp bus M which is connected to and is of thesame potential as the primary bus A. Since there is a difference ofpotential between the busses A and C of 10 volts, if the loose secondaryterminal of the transformer E is connected to one terminal of a plugsocket, the other of which is connected to the bus C, there must be adifference across these terminals of 7 volts, and hence the insertion ofthe socket 7 between the transformer E and the lamp bus N gives thisdifference. If then this same terminal of the transformer E is nowconnected to a socket between it and the bus D, this socket willobviously have a difference greater by 5 volts, the difference betweenbusses C and D, than the difference in potential across the terminals ofthe socket 7 of 12 volts. It is clear that the addition of other busseswith their accompanying lamp busses, and the connection of plug socketsbetween them and the terminals of the transformers will producedifferences of potential across the terminals of these sockets greaterin value than the potentials of the sockets shown by the differencebetween the bus D and the additional bus. The socket 5, of course, has adifference across its terminals of 5 volts, since it is connecteddirectly between the busses A, and A, which have this difference.

Likewise the sockets 10 and 15 have the same difference of potentialacross their terminals as between the busses A and C and A and Drespectively.

I have shown above a system employing A busses each separated from theadjoining bus by 5 volts or with a difference of 15 volts between thetwo extremes, and I have so constructed a system as to supply plugsockets giving all ranges of voltage between 1 and 15 in steps of onevolt. It is apparent, however, that these differences are only relativeand that the steps may be either of greater or less than one volt asdesired, depending upon the location of the secondary taps in thetransformers and the number of transformers and bus bars used.

In another form of my system shown in Fig. 2, I have employed theprimary and secondary busses A, A, C and D, and also what I term anauxiliary primary bus bar B. Between busses A and B there is adifference of potential of 5 volts, between A and A 1.0 volts, between Aand C 20 volts, and between A and D 30 volts. A generator G suppliesenergy at a high potential to the primary P of a stepdown transformer,the secondary S of which has taps supplying the busses A, B, A, C and D.Between the busses A and B and bet-ween the busses B and A are insertedfour autotransformers. The transformers E, E E and E* have loosesecondary terminals with a difference of potential with respect to thebus A of 1, 2, 3 and 4 volts respectively, and the transformers F, F, Fand F have loose secondary terminals with a difierence with respect tothe bus B of 1, 2, 3 and 4 volts and with respect to the bus A of 6, 7,8 and 9 volts respectively.

As in the preceding form lamp busses M, N and O are used connectedrespectively to the busses A, C and D. In this arrangement, a plugsocket is inserted between each loose secondary terminal and each lampbus. A socket is inserted between the bus A and the lamp bus 11 andother sockets are inserted between the bus B and each lamp bus M, N and0, while two other sockets are inserted between the bus A and the lampbusses N and O. These plug sockets are numbered from 1 to 30, and thesenumerals indicate the voltage across the terminals of each socketrespectively.

The differences of potential in the sockets 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 areobvious since these sockets are connected directly between the variousbusses. The loose terminal of the transformer E has a difference of 3volts with respect to the bus A, and hence the socket 3 has a differencebetween its terminals of 8 volts. The bus C has a difference withrespect to bus A of 20 volts; hence the socket inserted between thelooseterminal of the transformer E and the bus C, or its lamp bus N, musthave a difference across its terminals of 20 volts less the differencebetween the terminal of E and the bus A, 3 volts, or 17 volts for theplug socket. Continuing in this way a socket inserted be tween the looseterminal of the transformer E and the lamp bus 0, which is connected tothe bus D, has a difference of potential across its terminals of 30volts less 3 volts or 27 volts, and the addition of other busses andtheir accompanying lamp busses with greater differences of potentialwith respect to the bus A to allow the insertion of additional socketswith other differences across their terminals in the same order, may bemade. The potentials across the terminals of those plug sockets whichare connected to the transformers F, F F and F are similarly determined.For example, the loose secondary terminal of the transformer F has adifference of potential with regards to the bus B of 2 volts, but thebus B has a difference of potential with respect to bus A of 5 volts.Hence, it is clear that the socket 7 inserted between the terminal oftransformer F and the lamp bus M has a potential of 7 volts. The socketinserted between the terminal of this transformer F and the lamp bus N,which is connected to the bus C, must have a difference of potentialacross its terminal of 13 volts because there is a difference betweenthis terminal and the bus A of 3 volts, and a difference between A and Cof 10 volts.

A system involving the invention may be constructed on the sameprinciples with any range of voltage, and subdivided into as many stepsas may be desired. The principle involved in both of the systemsspecifically described is the same, viz: the use of a plurality ofbusses differing in potential by desired values, the subdivision of thedifference of potential between a certain two of these busses by anymeans whatever, and the insertion of sockets in the manner shown betweeneach of these dividing means and certain of the busses. It is, ofcourse, to be understood in this second form of my system as in thefirst that the values given are but relative, that the differences ofpotential may be of any desired value, and that there may be as manydivisions of potential made between the busses A and A as is desired togive the desired steps. The use of the generator G and the stepdowntransformer tends to maintain the voltage across the terminals of thevarious sockets constant. In practice a voltage regulator such as theTirrill regulator may be used in connection with the generator G.

.Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States, is,

1. In a system of distribution, primary bus bars differing in potentialby a desired value, means to divide this difference, a secondary busbar, andplug sockets between said means and one of the primary bussesand the secondary bus.

2. In a system of distribution, primary bus bars of a desired differenceof potential, a transformer between these busses, a sec ondary bus of adesired difference of potential with respect to one of the primarybusses, and plug sockets between the transformer and one of the primarybusses and the secondary bus.

3. In a system of distribution, primary bus bars of a desired differenceof potential, an auxiliary primary bus differing in potential from oneof the primary busses by a smaller Value, a transformer between theauxiliary primary bus and each of the other primary busses, a secondarybus of a desired difference in potential from thefirst primary bus, andplug sockets between each transformer and the first primary bus and thesecondary bus.

4. In a system of distribution, a source of supply, a stepdowntransformer having taps at desired intervals, an auxiliary tap midwaybetween two of these taps, an auxiliary primary bus connected to theauxiliary tap and primary busses connected to the taps immediatelyadjacent the auxiliary tap, a secondary bus connected to each of theremaining taps, autotransformers connected to the auxiliary primary busand the primary busses to give desired steps in differences of potentialwith respect to the adjacent primary bus, and plug sockets between eachtransformer and one of the primary busses and the secondary bus.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 17th day of J an.1911.

JOHN J. FRANK.

Witnesses:

ANNIE R. NUGENT, GEO. F. WRIGHT, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

